Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body. These cells can form tumors, invade nearby tissues, and potentially spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Tumors can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous), with malignant tumors capable of invading nearby tissues and spreading to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system.
There are many types of cancer, classified based on the type of cell or tissue from which they originate, such as.
1. Carcinomas
It is a type of cancer that begins in the skin or tissues lining organs like the internal passageways in your body and your skin. Most cancers affecting your skin, breasts, kidney, liver, lungs, pancreas, prostate gland, head and neck are carcinomas.
Symptoms of Carcinomas
1. A noticeable lump or mass.
2. Changes in bowel or bladder habits (for colorectal or bladder carcinomas).
3. Persistent cough or hoarseness (for lung carcinomas).
4. Unexplained weight loss or fatigue.
5. Skin changes, such as new moles or changes in existing moles (for skin carcinomas).
2. Sarcomas
It is a type of cancer that arise from connective tissues, whrere it includes bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, and blood vessels. where the sarcomas can occur in any part of the body, but they are commonly found in the arms, legs, and trunk.There are two main categories:
1. Soft Tissue Sarcomas.
2.Bone Sarcomas.
Symptoms of Sarcomas
1. A noticeable lump or swelling.
2. Pain or tenderness in the affected area.
3. Limited range of motion in a limb.
4. Fractures in bones (especially in osteosarcoma).
3. Leukemias
Leukemia is a type of cancer which affects the blood and bone marrow, which leads to the production of abnormal blood cells. where other cancers, which typically form solid tumors, leukemia involves an overproduction of white blood cells, which can crowd out healthy cells and impair the body’s ability to function properly.
Types of Leukemia
1. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
2. Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
3. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
4. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.
Symptoms of leukemia
1. Fatigue or weakness.
2. Frequent infections.
3. Unexplained weight loss.
4. Swollen lymph nodes.
5. Easy bruising or bleeding.
4. Lymphomas
Lymphomas are cancers that originate in the lymphatic system, which is part of the body’s immune system. Where they develop from lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, and are broadly classified into two main categories.
Types of Lymphomas
1. Hodgkin Lymphoma.
2. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Symptoms of Lymphomas
1. Common symptoms of both types of lymphoma include:
2. Swollen lymph nodes (often painless).
3. Fever.
4. Night sweats.
5.Fatigue.